Assessments
Posttraumatic Expectations Scale (PTES)
The Posttraumatic Expectations Scale (PTES) is a 81-item self-report measure that assesses dysfunctional expectations in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It can be used to assess both disorder-specific expectations and treatment expectations in clinical samples of adult patients with PTSD.
Respondents rate each item on a 5-point Likert-type-like scale from 1 (“I don’t agree at all”) to 5 (“I totally agree”) to indicate the degree to which they hold a specific expectation about possible events and experiences within the next four weeks. The full scale has 9 theory-driven subscales with a total of 81 items targeting general treatment-specific expectations (subscale A), expectations towards the exposure to the traumatic event during psychotherapy (subscale B), talking about the traumatic event in psychotherapy (subscale C), reexperiencing symptoms (subscale D), emotion regulation (subscale E), openness to other people (subscale F), encounters with strangers (subscale G), avoidance behavior (subscale H), and general disorder-specific expectations (subscale I).
The full scale takes 10 to 15 minutes to administer and is available in German and English. The original scale was developed and validated in German, as the questionnaire was administered in a German sample of adult patients with PTSD (Herzog et al., 2022). The PTES can also be administered in a short-scale format consisting of 13 items for use as a brief screening instrument, reducing significantly the administration time and burden for patients and clinicians.
Key reference:
Herzog, P., Kaiser, T., Rief, W., Brakemeier, E.-L., & Kube, T. (2022). Assessing Dysfunctional Expectations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Development and Validation of the Posttraumatic Expectations Scale (PTES). Assessment, 10731911221089038. https://doi.org/10.1177/10731911221089038
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Expectations in Borderline Personality Disorder Scale (ExBPD)
The Expectations in Borderline Personality Disorder Scale (ExBPD) is a 99-item self-report measure that assesses dysfunctional expectations in borderline personality disorder (BPD). It can be used to assess both disorder-specific expectations and treatment expectations in clinical samples of adult patients with BPD.
The scale is currently being investigated in a validation study to determine its psychometric properties.
Posttraumatic Expectations Scale (PTES)
The Posttraumatic Expectations Scale (PTES) is a 81-item self-report measure that assesses dysfunctional expectations in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It can be used to assess both disorder-specific expectations and treatment expectations in clinical samples of adult patients with PTSD.
Respondents rate each item on a 5-point Likert-type-like scale from 1 (“I don’t agree at all”) to 5 (“I totally agree”) to indicate the degree to which they hold a specific expectation about possible events and experiences within the next four weeks. The full scale has 9 theory-driven subscales with a total of 81 items targeting general treatment-specific expectations (subscale A), expectations towards the exposure to the traumatic event during psychotherapy (subscale B), talking about the traumatic event in psychotherapy (subscale C), reexperiencing symptoms (subscale D), emotion regulation (subscale E), openness to other people (subscale F), encounters with strangers (subscale G), avoidance behavior (subscale H), and general disorder-specific expectations (subscale I).
The full scale takes 10 to 15 minutes to administer and is available in German and English. The original scale was developed and validated in German, as the questionnaire was administered in a German sample of adult patients with PTSD (Herzog et al., 2022). The PTES can also be administered in a short-scale format consisting of 13 items for use as a brief screening instrument, reducing significantly the administration time and burden for patients and clinicians.
Key reference:
Herzog, P., Kaiser, T., Rief, W., Brakemeier, E.-L., & Kube, T. (2022). Assessing Dysfunctional Expectations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Development and Validation of the Posttraumatic Expectations Scale (PTES). Assessment, 10731911221089038. https://doi.org/10.1177/10731911221089038
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Expectations in Borderline Personality Disorder Scale (ExBPD)
The Expectations in Borderline Personality Disorder Scale (ExBPD) is a 99-item self-report measure that assesses dysfunctional expectations in borderline personality disorder (BPD). It can be used to assess both disorder-specific expectations and treatment expectations in clinical samples of adult patients with BPD.
The scale is currently being investigated in a validation study to determine its psychometric properties.
